No, it would just legislate what images are and which ones are not on the training data to be parsed, artists want a copyright which makes their images unusable for machine learning derivative works.
The trick here is that eventually the algorithms will get good enough that it won't be necessary for said images to even be on the training data in the first place, but we can imagine that artists would be OK with that
They shouldn't be OK with that and they probably aren't. That's a much worse problem for them!
The reason they're complaining about copyright is most likely coping because this is what they're actually concerned about.
No they won't. If AI art was just as good as it is today, but didn't use copyrighted images in the training set, people would absolutely still be finding some other thing to complain about.
Artists just don't want the tech to exist entirely.