1. The outlays can be over many years.
2. They can raise debt. People will happily invest at modest yields.
3. They can raise an equity fund.
Why not continue:
4. They can start a kickstarter or go fund me
5. They can go on Dragons’ Den
…
Debt/Equity Fundraising is basically a kickstarter! Remarkably similar.
It's all very Dr. Strangelove. "Mr. President, we must not allow an AI gap! Now give us billions"