Yes, battery charge control is a hardware(/firmware) feature supported on other modern laptops as well, such as the Lenovo ThinkPads, but it's not a standard so it requires explicit driver and OS support.
OpenBSD recently added support for this as well for both of these implementations (Apple silicon and ThinkPads).
https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=168436150408382&w=2
https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=168458409622780&w=2
https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=168521616605492&w=2
I know certain Android/Samsung phones support this as well, not sure about iOS/macOS.
Put a piece of paper over one of the batteries middle contacts. That will make the firmware think the battery is overheating. It will then refuse to charge, but will still happily discharge.
You can do that to keep your battery at 80% while still on AC power. Handy if you operate from AC power 99% of the time, yet don't want your battery to die from being stored at 100% charge and hot for many years.
Bad, very bad idea if you don't know what you are doing - depending on where the "smarts" in the BMS are, you may damage your battery or make your BMS think the pack is broken or prevent your BMS from recognizing a charge state mismatch (and in the worst case, a cell going undervoltage or reverse polarity) as you have a good chance that you cut off one of the cell balancer contacts. This trick only works with removable phone batteries.
https://www.macworld.com/article/235001/macos-big-surs-batte...
Every laptop since the 90's has the balancing and protection circuitry inside the battery, not inside the laptop.
Naïve me doesn't understand why it can't be done from userspace, but I'm sure there is a good reason...
The comment you're replying to is just paranoic FUD. Which removable laptop battery has external balancing contacts!?!? They're all +/-/data.