美分 means "American fen", so it would only be used to refer to American cents.
派對 is a neologism that sounds like the English word "party" and it is only used in the context of having a social gathering.
If you search 五毛黨 you will find plenty of results.
Personally I think most of what foreigners think are 五毛黨 are actually 小粉紅, which means "little pink". This is the term used to describe young nationalists who take part in internet pile-ons, similar to online "activists" we have in the west. It might be that some of them are paid, but I suspect most of them are just doing it because they enjoy feeling like they are part of an in-group.
Would it be fair to say that the English phrase "Angry Youth" (used in the same context) has the same meaning?
I quite like this article from 2019 about Wandering Earth which tries to explain two facets of the contemporary Chinese right wing, that is the 小粉紅 Little Pinks and 工業黨 Industrial Party. Or, as they choose to translate it, "Young Cyber-Nationalists" and "Prometheans". In English: https://chuangcn.org/2019/08/wandering-earth/