In this case it's very likely that Claude Code used some library to parse DICOM (and not outright reproducing it), while the Shopify CEO passed it off as something very innovative or difficult. But that isn't plagiarism either.
It was more of a figure of speech to emphasize that nobody (and no tool) did the actual work here, and the party that did the work did not get any credit.
Perhaps we could call it paraplagiarism.
> I'd parse it the same way as for natural intelligence. If I ask Bob how to do it
Not to detract from your point, but Claude Code is a very much a tool, not another person with their own responsibilities. "natural intelligence" and "artificial intelligence" are not simply interchangeable here.