I don't remember what exact year I did the transition at, but around 2014 - 2016 I think. At the time I was working on a PHP Symfony application (and its frontend made with Backbone.js) powering Typeform, and I think this was right about when docker entered the scene, we were still using Vagrant with what I think was NFS syncing or something else dog-slow. But both Docker and Vagrant works fine with vim, as long as you have a generic VM/container setup, it shouldn't matter what editor you use, in my mind.
But before that I was using Sublime Text 2, with minimal plugins/extensions, so moving to vim was mostly getting used to moving around and manipulating text, using some very basic text-based autocomplete, before eventually migrating to a "proper" setup years later. Since then, I honestly haven't touched my config much, so I'm sure there are smoother/better ways now.
Since then, I've used (neo)vim to write JavaScript (+HTML+CSS), Ruby, Go, Python, Rust, various other languages, but mostly Clojure/Script. When trying out a new language, I find some (neo)vim plugin that seems suitable and try it out. If it works well, great, otherwise try another one.