>>bjorns+(OP)
It certainly is the case in the Netherlands, which has the most or 2nd most Watt peak installed capacity per capita in the world. For households, there still is net metering. A law to abolish that was rejected in February or so.
So, the energy companies came with a penalty for excess power returned, for power beyond the net metering.
So it you use 3000 kWh in a year, but put 4000kWh on the grid in a year, you pay a fine for the 1000 kWh leftover.
Details vary per company and I'm not 100% up to speed on them as I have a dynamic tariff and thus those shenanigans don't apply to me.
The incentive is to self consume as much as possible, but the winter/summer difference makes that hard. IMO, the net metering is still very generous, maybe a better policy would be to just pay market crate for any power delivered to the grid.