I thought we knew that despite modern criticism that duck and cover was effective for those outside of some range given a nuclear explosion?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_and_cover#Efficacy_during...
I also think that those exercises haven't been done in schools for quite some time. I never did them despite plenty of fire and severe weather drills.
Observing near earth objects (NEOs) requires shorter exposure times because their (apparent) motion is quite fast, and that has an impact on how faint the objects you can detect can be.
There are methods like synthetic tracking though, that can detect fainter objects (even those hidden in the noise, not visible by eye).
Well, at least not in one piece. Pieces of the previous one over France (which happened to be detected by the same person before it entered the atmosphere), have been found: https://karmaka.de/?p=32369