Semgrep is one that I use at work. Nix is another. Docker¹ is a third. Many terminal emulators support multiple operating systems, but not Windows.
Windows support also often lags for new programming languages. Golang didn't run on Windows at first. Crystal is only now starting to have full-fledged Windows support. Plus there are many tools that do run on Windows but work poorly or are extremely slow or require tons of compatibility shims, like Git and Emacs.
A lot of dev tools are Unix-first. You just probably use only a few of them if you work at a Microsoft shop.
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Not Docker itself at this point but 99.9% of all Docker containers that anyone actually uses.
You can. Idr if Docker Desktop supports it or not, but you can install Docker Engine for Windows and plug it into the Docker CLI and all that for sure.