The instrumental temperature record is typically considered to start in 1850 so I am not sure what do you mean by "this data". But 100 or 200 hardly matters.
What I meant is while we don't have day-to-day precise data, we don't quite need it because the global temperature doesn't change that much and we do have some ideas -- paleoclimatologists are crafty -- and if the surface would have heated like now that would have had long term effects and we haven't seen any.
So yes, we can, with a reasonable confidence say it has not been this hot for centuries.