That means you can't have docker and different versions of Java, node and .Net all running in parallel.
You run a single process and Sqlite is a library that allows SQL operations and database to be inbuilt. You 'budget' is like 100 mb of Ram, becauae other stuff has to run too.
All the time-series databases I know are a large, memory hungry hippo, built for distributed compute/kubernetes. Just very different usecase. If one was built with minimalism in mind, then it could be used.
My experience with SQLite is that it can take you a long ways before needing to look elsewhere.