I usually expose ports like `127.0.0.1:1234:1234` instead of `1234:1234`. As far as I understand, it still punches holes this way but to access the container, an attacker would need to get a packet routed to the host with a spoofed IP SRC set to `127.0.0.1`. All other solutions that are better seem to be much more involved.
Relatedly, a lot of systems in the world either don't block local network addresses, or block an incomplete list, with 172.16.0.0/12 being particularly poorly known.