It seems that this statement can lead to different conclusions based on one's biases for or against Musk / freedom of speech:
1) The code base is a mess because the smaller, current team don't know what they're doing and/or management (i.e. Musk) is pushing them too hard and making poor decisions
2) The code base is a mess because the far greater number of engineers there before didn't know what they were doing and/or management weren't pushing them hard enough and were making poor decisions.
Both could be true but I'm going with something the more complex view that it's a little bit of everything, and that Twitter does seem to be moving in a positive direction overall.
The second being free speech, I'm a big supporter of that and there's certainly more of that now. It's not perfect but I'm not going to throw the baby out with the bathwater by arguing against perfection or pointing out some of the hypocrisies in play. It's a move in a positive direction.
They're comparisons against recent Twitter, which before Musk felt like an app with so many broken parts that were never going to get fixed (the login problem being the cherry on that cake for me). Now there's a feeling that things might get fixed, that new features definitely are coming, and that complaints might be listened to.
I also don't like the changes you've highlighted, though I do see them as inevitable at this point in internet history. We see Instagram and others moving towards paid verification, Reddit closing down its API and killing apps (and should we forget that Twitter has done this at least once before in one form or another). So, I don't think it's all rosy in the garden, but overall it's positive, and the negatives (mostly) feel inevitable.
Add to that, alternatives are now getting a bit of a look in from people that wouldn't have have bothered before. I don't think that Mastodon, to choose one example, is a direct replacement, but it's good that people are giving it a try.
But to your last sentence - I ended up trying Mastodon, found a nice server, downloaded a familiar app (Ivory by TapBots, the team who made Tweetbot - RIP) and found a pretty good bunch of people to follow so I'm pretty happy there. I probably wouldn't have otherwise tried it had I been able to continue using Tweetbot. I'd be happier if both existed and I could bounce between them, but if Twitter melts into obscurity I'll be a little sad but it would be fine.
I had a long list before that, off the top of my head:
- notifications were broken (disappearing or not appearing at all) which included DMs, or appearing late
- the follow/unfollow problem that so many complain(ed) about
- the algorithm dominating the main feed (the For you and Following is at least an improvement on this, if not a fix). Not really a Twitter only problem that one.
- lists was the old fix for the main feed problem, but they would go missing at times and set up was a pain
- clicking on "More replies" (or whatever it is/was) and they disappear/don't appear, sometimes on tweets I've already seen
- Let's not forget when they last killed off 3rd party apps en masse[1]
- changing settings often wouldn't work, and are still a UI mess today
Related to the freedom of speech thing because the ways it was implemented lead directly to them:
- shadow banning (I hate that everywhere, including the hellban here). Even searching a particular account was blocked, which is a pain when you're trying to find something you know exists.
- watching stats drop precipitously on tweets after Twitter had put their thumb on the scale. Shouting into the void isn't a fun experience. Watching interesting accounts wither also was a waste. Still plenty of trolls and bots though.
- trending topics being curated. Possibly Twitter's real USP is instant news, the trends can give an idea of what people are really talking about at a glance and get you straight into breaking news. Most of that was gone. They're worth a look again.
And several forgotten problems, I'm certain of it, I could've spent all day going through them, at the time. What a pile of steaming rubbish!
I often wondered if the first half of this list should go under the second half of this list because most of them appeared after Twitter became blatant in its ways, and some of them occur on other social networks too, but only on contentious topics (it amazes me how little is said about the heavy censorship Facebook engages in, must have a better PR department than Twitter. Maybe that's why Musk fired them all).
Then you find you can't log in often or at all. When I saw that Project Veritas video about Twitter, I believed it, because it made sense that no one was doing any real work.