I know OFCOM (UK FCC) state it's illegal to listen to certain frequencies without permission, which seems delightfully unenforceable (for legal reasons I most definitely do not possess a wideband software defined radio or a similarly sensitive antenna)
There's apparently some uncertainty around handling of encrypted emergency services communications: https://www.rtdna.org/content/scanners
https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/interception-and-divulg...